Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), Government of India, releases every year a publication titled “Women and Men in India : Selected Indicators and Data”. The publication presents a comprehensive overview of the status of women and men in India through a compilation of selected indicators across key domains, including population, education, health, economic participation, decision-making, violence against women, and other gender-related issues, drawing upon inputs from various Ministries, Departments and organisations. A metadata for 50 key indicators has also been added to enhance clarity, and facilitate a better understanding of the concepts, definitions, sources and methodological aspects underlying the statistics presented in the publication. Based on official statistics, the publication aims to provide gender-disaggregated data across a wide range of themes, with several indicators presented by rural–urban classification, State/UT, and, wherever available, over time. The thereby enabling a deeper understanding of evolving gender disparities and development trends across the country. By presenting an analysis of key socio-economic indicators and highlighting emerging trends, the publication equips policymakers, researchers and other stakeholders with valuable evidence to inform the formulation of gender-responsive policies and programmes aimed at promoting inclusive and sustainable development. Women and Men in India 2025 Some of the highlights of the publication are as follows: The sex ratio at birth has increased at the all-India level, indicating improved survival of females reaching from 904 in 2017-19 to 917 in 2021-23. As of 2023, highest sex ratio is in northeastern states of Arunachal Pradesh, where women outnumber men with a sex ratio of 1085, followed by Nagaland (1007), followed by Goa (973). The worst performing are Jharkhand (899) and Bihar (900). The Total Fertility Rate in urban areas has shown a decline between 2019 (1.7) to 2023 (1.1). The Adolescent Fertility Rate has exhibited a sustained downward trend since 2021. Across rural and urban areas, the mean age at marriage for women has shown a steady increase from 2021 onwards. (Urban - 24.3; Rural -22.4 years) Maternal Mortality Ratio has shown a steady and significant decline over the years, with the maternal mortality ratio reducing from 254 to 88 from 2004-06 to 2021-23 Infant mortality rate for both female and male infants has recorded a pronounced and sustained decline between 2008 and 2023. Female sterilization emerges as the most commonly adopted method of family planning among currently married women aged 15-49, accounting for 37.9 percent of total usage. Gender parity has been achieved across all levels of school education from Primary to Higher Secondary level. Gross Enrolment Ratio at Higher Education has improved from 28.5 to 30.2 for females and 28.3 to 28.9 for males between 2021-22 and 2022-23. The Adjusted Net EnrolmentRate (ANER) of girls in 2024-25 is greater than their male counterparts at all levels of school education under the NEP structure, with significant rise in ANER between 2022-23 and 2024-25 at the Secondary levels for both genders. As of 2022-23, the Mean Year of Schooling (MYS) in formal education, in India is 8.4 for 15 years and above, while the female MYS is 7.4, making it 1.9 years lesser than male MYS. Gross Enrolment Ratio at Higher Education has improved from 28.5 to 30.2 for females and 28.3 to 28.9 for males between 2021-22 and 2022-23. In year 2025, the Worker Population Ratio (WPR) for ages 15 and above is 76.6 for males and 38.8 for females. For both genders, the WPR is higher in rural areas compared to urban areas There has been an increase in Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) for ages 15 and above for both men and women. In particular, rural females have seen the highest increase in LFPR, going from 37.5 percent to 45.9 percent during the period 2022 to 2025. The average time spent by men on unpaid domestic services is 88 minutes while women spent 289 minutes. As of 2025, women constitute 13.65 per cent of Members of Parliament, and 9.86 per cent hold ministerial portfolios. Women account for 49.75 per cent of elected Panchayat representatives where 16 States report more than 50 per cent women’s representation in Panchayati Raj Institutions. There has been a 73.80 percent increase in Men engaged in managerial positions between 2017 and 2025, whereas there has been a 102.54 percent increase in Women engaged in managerial positions during the same time period. Crimes Against Women constitute 7.18% of total crimes committed (IPC +SLL) in year 2023. Cruelty by husband and relatives constituted the largest category of crimes against women (29.82 %), followed by kidnapping and abduction (19.77 %) and assault on women with intent to outrage her modesty, making these the most frequently reported offences. Cybercrime against women has expanded rapidly with the growth of ICTs and digital platforms. Registered cases increased from 4,242 in 2017 to 19,510 in 2023, with cyber pornography and cyber stalking/bullying most frequently reported; Karnataka (7,002) recorded the highest number of cases, followed by Maharashtra (2,502) and Uttarakhand (1,463). Source : Women and Men in India 2025